Atlas of Battles

commander, 18 engagements

Battles of Subutai

Battles of Subutai

primary military strategist and general under Genghis Khan and Ögedei Khan, 1175 to 1248

Subutai is recorded as a commander at 18 placed engagements in the atlas between 1209 and 1300: 12 battles, 5 sieges and 1 campaign across 8 present-day countries, most in Russia (7), Kazakhstan (3), China (2). Taken in date order, the sites lie 31,879 km apart end to end, 1,992 km between engagements on average. Most belong to Mongol invasions and conquests (13), Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty (2).

Irghiz River skirmishBattle of YehulingSiege of SamarkandMongol invasion of AlaniaBattle of Khankala (1222)Battle of Samara BendSiege of Kaifeng (1232)Siege of BilärSiege of MoscowSiege of KozelskFirst Mongol invasion of HungaryChem River BattleMongol invasions of GeorgiaMongol invasion of Khwarazmian Empire and Eastern IranMongol invasion of EuropeBattle of the Kalka RiverBattle of LegnicaBattle of MohiMongol invasion of Khwarazmian Empire and Eastern IranMongol invasion of EuropeBattle of the Kalka RiverBattle of MohiTehranTaipeiBaghdadChengduÜrümqiBerlinKabulAthensViennaTashkent2000 km45.275N, 65.470E
18 placed engagements, coloured by era. Present-day coastlines; ringed marks are the most widely documented.

Engagements by decade

1200s: 1 engagements1210s: 2 engagements1220s: 6 engagements6 in 1220s1230s: 4 engagements1240s: 3 engagements1300s: 1 engagements1200s1300s
17 dated engagements, one bar per decade, coloured by era.

In time order

Irghiz River skirmish, 1209Battle of Yehuling, 1211Mongol invasion of Khwarazmian Empire and Eastern Iran, 1219Siege of Samarkand, 1220Mongol invasion of Alania, 1220Battle of Khankala (1222), 1222Mongol invasion of Europe, 1223Battle of Samara Bend, 1223Battle of the Kalka River, 1223Siege of Kaifeng (1232), 1232Siege of Bilär, 1236Siege of Moscow, 1238Siege of Kozelsk, 1238Battle of Legnica, 1241Battle of Mohi, 1241First Mongol invasion of Hungary, 1242Chem River Battle, 130012091300
One tick per dated engagement; each tick is a link.

Wars 2

Engagements by date

DateEngagementPlaceFrom the lastResult
1209Irghiz River skirmishIrgiz River, KazakhstanIndecisive
August 1211Battle of YehulingZhangjiakou, People's Republic of China4,157 km EMongol victory
1219Mongol invasion of Khwarazmian Empire and Eastern IranCentral Asia, Kazakhstan4,077 km NWMongol victory
1220Siege of SamarkandSamarkand, Uzbekistan676 km SEMongol victory
1220Mongol invasion of AlaniaNorth Caucasus, Russia1,963 km WMongol victory
1222Battle of Khankala (1222)North Caucasus, Russia0 km NMongol victory
1223Mongol invasion of EuropeEastern Europe, Ukraine1,165 km NW
1223Battle of Samara BendVolga Bulgaria, Russia1,396 km NEBulgar tactical victory
31 May 1223Battle of the Kalka RiverKalchyk, Russia1,174 km SWMongol victory
1232Siege of Kaifeng (1232)Kaifeng, People's Republic of China6,329 km EMongol victory; Emperor Aizong flees to Caizhou
1236Siege of BilärBilär, Russia5,293 km NWMongol victory
1238Siege of MoscowMoscow, Russia811 km WMongol victory
February 1238Siege of KozelskKozelsk, Russia225 km SWMongol victory
9 April 1241Battle of LegnicaLegnickie Pole, Poland1,355 km WMongol victory
11 April 1241Battle of MohiMuhi, Hungary488 km SEMongol victory
1242First Mongol invasion of HungaryKingdom of Hungary, Hungary180 km SWMongol withdrawal; Hungarian defeat at Battle of Mohi...
1300Chem River BattleEmba River, Kazakhstan2,591 km EMongol victory
date unknownMongol invasions of GeorgiaCaucasus, GeorgiaMongol victory; Georgian–Mongolian treaty of 1239

Sources and method

Commanders come from the commander fields of the English Wikipedia infoboxes of these engagements (CC BY-SA 4.0), resolved to one article each; portrait, dates and description from Wikidata (CC0) and Wikimedia Commons, неизвестен/unknown, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Distances are great-circle distances between recorded sites, not marches.